Covenants of the Bible — From Noah to Jesus Flashcards

#1

In the Abrahamic Covenant, what specific sign did God establish as 'a sign of the covenant' between himself and Abraham?

📖 Genesis 17:10-11

#2

According to the Mosaic Covenant at Mount Sinai, how many commandments comprised the core moral law given to Israel?

📖 Exodus 20:1-17

#3

What did God promise to David in the Davidic Covenant regarding his descendants?

📖 2 Samuel 7:16

#4

In Jeremiah's prophecy of the New Covenant, what specific change would God make in the hearts of His people?

📖 Jeremiah 31:33

#5

What animals did Abraham use in the covenant ceremony where God promised him numerous descendants?

📖 Genesis 15:9-10

#6

According to Hebrews, what replaced the old priestly system under the Mosaic Covenant in the New Covenant?

📖 Hebrews 7:17

#7

What was the primary condition God placed on Israel to maintain the Mosaic Covenant?

📖 Exodus 19:5

#8

In what sense did God describe the Noahic Covenant as 'everlasting'?

📖 Genesis 9:16

#2

Ten commandments

God gave Moses the Ten Commandments written on two stone tablets at Mount Sinai (Exodus 20:1-17), which formed the ethical foundation of the Mosaic Covenant, though the complete law included additional statutes and ordinances.

Exodus 20:1-17

#1

Circumcision

God commanded Abraham and all males in his household to be circumcised as a sign of the covenant (Genesis 17:10-11), distinguishing this covenant from the Noahic Covenant which used the rainbow as its sign.

Genesis 17:10-11

#4

He would write His law on their hearts rather than on tablets of stone

Jeremiah prophesied that God would make a New Covenant by writing His law on the hearts of His people (Jeremiah 31:33), indicating an internalized, personal relationship with God rather than external law keeping alone.

Jeremiah 31:33

#3

His throne would be established forever and his kingdom would not be taken away

God promised David that his throne and kingdom would be established forever (2 Samuel 7:16), though individual descendants could be disciplined; this covenant was understood by Christians as ultimately fulfilled in Jesus Christ.

2 Samuel 7:16

#6

The priesthood of Jesus, who is described as a priest after the order of Melchizedek

Hebrews 7:17 states that Jesus is a priest 'after the order of Melchizedek' and His priesthood replaced the Levitical priesthood, making Jesus the ultimate mediator between God and humanity under the New Covenant.

Hebrews 7:17

#5

A heifer, a goat, a ram, a dove, and a young pigeon

Genesis 15:9-10 records that Abraham took a heifer, a goat, a ram, a dove, and a young pigeon to God for a covenant ceremony, where he divided them (except the birds) to establish the covenant through this formal ritual.

Genesis 15:9-10

#8

It would never be broken by God, though humans could violate it

Genesis 9:16 describes the rainbow covenant as an 'everlasting covenant,' meaning God would never again destroy the earth with a flood; this was God's unilateral promise that could not be revoked, though humans remain subject to consequences for disobedience.

Genesis 9:16

#7

To obey God's commands and keep His covenant

Exodus 19:5 states that if Israel would obey God's voice and keep His covenant, they would be His treasured possession, making obedience to God's commands the foundational condition of the Mosaic Covenant.

Exodus 19:5

#9

Which Old Testament prophet explicitly contrasted the Mosaic Covenant with the coming New Covenant, stating that the old one was becoming 'obsolete'?

📖 Jeremiah 31:31-32

#10

What specific action did Jesus perform to establish or seal the New Covenant according to Luke's Gospel account of the Last Supper?

📖 Luke 22:20

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#10

He shed His blood, which he said was 'poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins'

Luke 22:20 records Jesus saying the cup represents His blood as 'the new covenant,' connecting His sacrificial death to the establishment of the New Covenant promised by Jeremiah, where His blood replaces animal sacrifices.

Luke 22:20

#9

Jeremiah

Jeremiah 31:31-32 explicitly announces a 'new covenant' different from the one made with Israel at Sinai, and Hebrews 8:13 later applies the language of becoming 'obsolete' to the Mosaic Covenant in light of the New Covenant.

Jeremiah 31:31-32

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