In Matthew 16:17-18, Jesus changes Simon's name to Peter and says, 'On this rock I will build my church.' What is the Aramaic name Jesus originally gave him?
Jesus called him Cephas (or Kepha in Aramaic), which translates to 'rock' or 'stone' in Greek (Peter). Matthew 16:17-18 records this name change in the context of Jesus establishing His church.
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“For everyone born of God overcomes the world.”
— 1 John 5:4 (NIV)